Fruit of the Spirit: An Adventure in Ancient Manuscripts biblical interpretation curiosity new testament text criticism Jan 14, 2024

How Many Fruit Are there?

Are there twelve fruit of the Spirit or only nine? Most contemporary translations of Galatians 5: 22-23 list nine fruit of the Spirit: love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control (NIV, for example). 

However, some older manuscripts of the Bible list more than nine...

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Be Still & Know: An Embodied Approach curiosity embodied embodied life embodied reading let go old testament psalm 46 relax sacred space Apr 12, 2022

Our culture is built on multi-tasking and productivity. If we have a spare moment, we are often scrolling or looking over our to-do list. In the Old Testament, there are numerous times when we are encouraged to “be still.” There are actually at least 3 different verbs in Hebrew that can be translated as “to be still, to be...

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