Fruit of the Spirit: An Adventure in Ancient Manuscripts biblical interpretation curiosity new testament text criticism Jan 14, 2024

How Many Fruit Are there?

Are there twelve fruit of the Spirit or only nine? Most contemporary translations of Galatians 5: 22-23 list nine fruit of the Spirit: love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, generosity, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control (NIV, for example). 

However, some older manuscripts of the Bible list more than nine...

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Bearing Witness: The Women of Easter embodied new testament whole-person engagement with scripture women interpreters Apr 04, 2023

Artwork by Harlem Renaissance painter, William Johnson


When we endure suffering, to have someone truly see, and to remain with us in the midst of it, is a powerful thing.

Life and living is a joyful thing, and we celebrate that during Holy Week. The season of Easter arrives in the midst of blooming flowers, the sparkle of the sun on raindrops...

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